Augustus II the Strong (1670-1733), the son of John George of Saxony,
of the Wettin house, king of Poland from 1697, and elector of Saxony from
1694. He attempted to introduce a Saxon-style absolute monarchy in Poland,
which provoked many conflicts. Against Poland's real interests, he allied
himself with the tsar Peter I and involved Poland in the so-called Northern
War, originally fought by Sweden and Russia. When Charles XII of Sweden
invaded Poland, part of the gentry deposed Augustus and elected
Stanislaus Leszczynski
in his place. The majority of the gentry supported Augustus II who, however,
had to abdicate when the Swedish army entered Saxony in 1706. He regained
the Polish crown in 1709, following the defeat of Charles XII at Poltava
by Peter I's army. Under his reign, Poland ceased playing any major role in
international relations.
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